土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)權(quan)入股發(fa)展農(nong)業產業化(hua)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)，是(shi)深化(hua)農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)制度改(gai)革的(de)(de)(de)一項重要(yao)(yao)舉措。《通知(zhi)》明(ming)確(que)，要(yao)(yao)保護農(nong)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)集體(ti)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)權(quan)益(yi)，任何組(zu)織和(he)個人(ren)不能取代農(nong)民(min)(min)家庭的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)包地(di)(di)(di)位，不能非法剝奪和(he)限(xian)制農(nong)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)包權(quan)；堅持(chi)和(he)完善農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)用(yong)(yong)途管制制度，不得改(gai)變土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)集體(ti)所(suo)有(you)性質和(he)用(yong)(yong)途，不得降低耕地(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)基礎地(di)(di)(di)力，嚴禁入股土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)“非農(nong)化(hua)”，禁止(zhi)非法轉讓、買賣農(nong)村(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)，土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)權(quan)入股期限(xian)不能超過土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)承(cheng)包剩余(yu)期限(xian)，切實保護好農(nong)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)集體(ti)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)權(quan)益(yi)。

《通知》規(gui)定，要充(chong)分考慮地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)差異、經(jing)(jing)濟基礎及農村(cun)(cun)勞動力(li)轉移等(deng)因(yin)素，根(gen)據實際情況適度開展土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)入(ru)(ru)股(gu)，鼓勵探(tan)索形式(shi)多樣、符合(he)實際的(de)入(ru)(ru)股(gu)方式(shi)，不搞(gao)強迫(po)命(ming)令、盲(mang)目攀比和(he)“一刀切”。鼓勵各級(ji)農業農村(cun)(cun)部門(men)合(he)理(li)(li)制(zhi)定農村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)價(jia)值評(ping)估辦法(fa)，積(ji)極探(tan)索建立(li)純收益法(fa)、市(shi)場比較法(fa)、成本(ben)法(fa)等(deng)農村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)價(jia)值評(ping)估方式(shi)，有(you)效指導和(he)規(gui)范(fan)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)入(ru)(ru)股(gu)行(xing)為。建立(li)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)流轉市(shi)場機制(zhi)，健(jian)全市(shi)場運行(xing)規(gui)范(fan)，實現(xian)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)折價(jia)入(ru)(ru)股(gu)透明(ming)化，依法(fa)保(bao)護(hu)農民(min)對承包土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)的(de)占有(you)、使用和(he)收益；同時要建立(li)農村(cun)(cun)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)入(ru)(ru)股(gu)注冊登記及退(tui)(tui)股(gu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)機制(zhi)。鼓勵農民(min)采取轉包、出租、入(ru)(ru)股(gu)等(deng)方式(shi)流轉承包地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)并獲得(de)股(gu)份持有(you)，合(he)理(li)(li)制(zhi)定土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)經(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)權(quan)(quan)(quan)入(ru)(ru)股(gu)注冊登記及退(tui)(tui)股(gu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)辦法(fa)，做到(dao)嚴管(guan)(guan)與放活并舉、實現(xian)能(neng)(neng)進能(neng)(neng)退(tui)(tui)的(de)科學機制(zhi)。

重視土地經營權入股(gu)的(de)風險防控，是(shi)《通知》的(de)重要內容(rong)之一。《通知》明確，鼓勵(li)有條件的(de)地方(fang)探索建立土地經營權入股(gu)風險防范制度。鼓勵(li)實行“保底收益+按股(gu)分紅”，讓農民(min)特(te)別是(shi)貧困戶在土地經營權入股(gu)中有穩定收益。

《通知(zhi)》要求(qiu)，各級農(nong)(nong)業(ye)農(nong)(nong)村部門可探索(suo)“優先(xian)股(gu)”“先(xian)租后股(gu)”等(deng)多種土地經營權入(ru)股(gu)形式，引導農(nong)(nong)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)化經營主體(ti)與(yu)承包農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)建立(li)緊密利益聯(lian)結機制(zhi)，帶(dai)動普通農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)分享農(nong)(nong)業(ye)規模經營收益；探索(suo)對農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)以土地經營權入(ru)股(gu)進行風險(xian)提示的辦法(fa)，鼓勵(li)商業(ye)保(bao)險(xian)機構(gou)開(kai)發適應土地經營權入(ru)股(gu)需求(qiu)的保(bao)險(xian)產(chan)(chan)品、信貸產(chan)(chan)品和服務模式，為農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)的“保(bao)底收益”和土地經營權回購提供保(bao)險(xian)保(bao)障，提高抗風險(xian)能力(li)。