農資(zi)(zi)價格暴漲暴跌不利(li)于穩(wen)定農戶種植(zhi)預期，不利(li)于保(bao)障國(guo)(guo)家糧食安全。近期，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)出臺(tai)了多項保(bao)供穩(wen)價的調(diao)控措施，如投(tou)放化肥儲備、擴大化肥鐵路(lu)優惠運價范圍、嚴厲打(da)擊(ji)市(shi)場(chang)囤積居(ju)奇，農資(zi)(zi)價格上漲勢頭一(yi)定程度上得到遏制。

“大國小農”是(shi)(shi)我國基本國情(qing)(qing)和(he)農情(qing)(qing)，當前和(he)未來很長一段時(shi)間內(nei)，小農戶仍然是(shi)(shi)我國糧食生產最重要的主(zhu)體。小農戶規模(mo)化經營不足，市場議價(jia)能力弱，抵御風險(xian)能力也(ye)較弱。幫助(zhu)小農戶應對農資價(jia)格波(bo)動事關糧食安全全局，需要從政策層面上(shang)整體統籌、配套(tao)支持。

一要健全農(nong)(nong)(nong)業補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)長效機制。在加大(da)糧食(shi)(shi)調(diao)控力(li)度，確保糧食(shi)(shi)價格(ge)(ge)在合理范圍內波動的基礎上(shang)，繼續(xu)深化糧食(shi)(shi)收(shou)儲制度改革，推動政策補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)對(dui)(dui)(dui)象逐步由(you)糧食(shi)(shi)價格(ge)(ge)轉向農(nong)(nong)(nong)民個體，更加直(zhi)接地(di)緩解農(nong)(nong)(nong)資(zi)價格(ge)(ge)上(shang)漲對(dui)(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民收(shou)入(ru)造成的不(bu)利影響。今年(nian)以(yi)來，中央財政對(dui)(dui)(dui)種糧農(nong)(nong)(nong)民的一次性(xing)補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)資(zi)金(jin)額達到(dao)200億元，突出補(bu)(bu)貼(tie)的針對(dui)(dui)(dui)性(xing)、精準性(xing)，有(you)效地(di)穩(wen)定了農(nong)(nong)(nong)民種糧的相對(dui)(dui)(dui)收(shou)益。

二要(yao)充(chong)分發(fa)揮(hui)(hui)農(nong)業(ye)保險(xian)作用。近年來，我國不(bu)斷擴大糧食作物完(wan)全成本(ben)(ben)保險(xian)和種植收(shou)入(ru)保險(xian)實施范圍，提高農(nong)民抵御(yu)風險(xian)能(neng)力，為(wei)農(nong)業(ye)生產保駕護航。農(nong)業(ye)保險(xian)從(cong)“保成本(ben)(ben)”向(xiang)“保收(shou)入(ru)”轉變(bian)，對抵御(yu)農(nong)業(ye)生產經營風險(xian)、確保種糧收(shou)入(ru)、穩(wen)定投保農(nong)戶的(de)種植收(shou)益(yi)預期發(fa)揮(hui)(hui)了重要(yao)作用。

三要加強(qiang)小農(nong)(nong)戶與現代農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)的有(you)機銜接(jie)。培育(yu)農(nong)(nong)民專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)合作社、家(jia)庭農(nong)(nong)場等(deng)新型(xing)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)經營主體，構建小農(nong)(nong)戶與龍頭企業(ye)(ye)的利益聯(lian)結機制，加強(qiang)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)社會化服務，提升農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生產規模化、集約化、機械化水平，逐步把小農(nong)(nong)戶引入農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)現代化軌道(dao)，從(cong)根本上提升小農(nong)(nong)戶應(ying)對風險能(neng)力(li)，增加種(zhong)糧收益。

四(si)要發展合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)經濟組(zu)織(zhi)，提高農(nong)(nong)民(min)的組(zu)織(zhi)化程度。當前，農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)分散(san)，很難大批量直(zhi)接進入(ru)市場。因此，需要培育合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)經濟組(zu)織(zhi)，發展訂單(dan)農(nong)(nong)業，為小農(nong)(nong)戶提供及時有效(xiao)的低成本(ben)服(fu)務(wu)，引(yin)導農(nong)(nong)民(min)有組(zu)織(zhi)地(di)進入(ru)市場，提高農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)競爭力。