紅薯的各地名稱

紅(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，又稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)甘(gan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、芋(yu)(yu)頭、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)蕷、紫蕷、番薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、甘(gan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、山(shan)芋(yu)(yu)、地瓜(gua)、線(xian)苕(tiao)、白(bai)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、金薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、甜薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、朱薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、枕薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)苕(tiao)等(deng)，旋花科一年(nian)生(sheng)植(zhi)物，不同地區人們對它的稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)呼也(ye)不同，河南(nan)與山(shan)東(dong)大部(bu)分稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，北京人叫白(bai)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，東(dong)北人稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)地瓜(gua)，上(shang)海人和(he)天津(jin)人稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)山(shan)芋(yu)(yu)，江蘇南(nan)部(bu)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)芋(yu)(yu)，而(er)(er)蘇北徐州(zhou)(zhou)地區稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)白(bai)芋(yu)(yu)，安(an)徽北方(fang)大部(bu)分地域和(he)蘇北地區的豐縣(xian)附近稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)芋(yu)(yu),安(an)徽西南(nan)部(bu)安(an)慶(qing)也(ye)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“紅(hong)(hong)(hong)芋(yu)(yu)”，，而(er)(er)安(an)徽中(zhong)南(nan)部(bu)合肥六安(an)一帶(dai)則稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之為(wei)(wei)(wei)芋(yu)(yu)頭，陜(shan)西、湖北、重(zhong)慶(qing)、四川(chuan)和(he)貴(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)苕(tiao)，浙江人稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)番薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)，江西人稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、白(bai)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、紅(hong)(hong)(hong)心薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、粉薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)之類(lei)，不一而(er)(er)足，福建、廣西稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)或(huo)地瓜(gua)。

同一地區(qu)不同區(qu)域人們對它的(de)稱呼(hu)也不盡相(xiang)同，比如(ru)山東大(da)部分地區(qu)雖稱其為地瓜，但(dan)魯南滕(teng)州、濟寧、曲阜附近(jin)的(de)當地人又習(xi)慣把它叫作“芋(yu)頭”，而(er)真正的(de)芋(yu)頭則被叫作“毛芋(yu)頭”。

番薯(shu)(shu)(shu)（本草(cao)綱目(mu)，福建(jian)、浙江、廣(guang)東）甘藷（植物名實圖考），甘儲(chu)、甘薯(shu)(shu)(shu)、朱薯(shu)(shu)(shu)、金薯(shu)(shu)(shu)、番薯(shu)(shu)(shu)、番茹（本草(cao)綱目(mu)拾遺），甘藷、番薯(shu)(shu)(shu)、紅山(shan)藥、朱薯(shu)(shu)(shu)、唐薯(shu)(shu)(shu)（農政全(quan)書等），玉枕薯(shu)(shu)(shu)（臺灣府志(zhi)），山(shan)芋（天津、江蘇），地(di)瓜(gua)（遼寧(ning)、山(shan)東），山(shan)藥（河北(bei)），甜薯(shu)(shu)(shu)、紅薯(shu)(shu)(shu)（山(shan)西、河南(nan)），紅苕（四川、貴州），白(bai)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)（北(bei)京），阿(a)鵝（云南(nan)彝(yi)語）。

番薯(shu)(shu)是家喻戶曉的(de)作物，它的(de)名稱卻易被混淆(xiao)。地(di)瓜，甘薯(shu)(shu)和紅薯(shu)(shu)等眼(yan)花繚亂。事實上，番薯(shu)(shu)才是正確(que)的(de)稱呼(hu)，其它都只是番薯(shu)(shu)的(de)別稱而(er)已。

番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)因(yin)果實(shi)長在地(di)(di)(di)下，不(bu)少(shao)人稱(cheng)(cheng)之為地(di)(di)(di)瓜(gua)(gua)，但它(ta)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)瓜(gua)(gua)，為什(shen)么(me)這么(me)說(shuo)呢？一(yi)方面，從植物分類學來(lai)說(shuo)，番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)旋(xuan)花科番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)族；而(er)我們熟(shu)知的(de)(de)冬瓜(gua)(gua)、西瓜(gua)(gua)、南瓜(gua)(gua)、黃瓜(gua)(gua)都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)葫蘆目葫蘆科，二者(zhe)分屬(shu)不(bu)同的(de)(de)植物科目；從口(kou)(kou)感(gan)形態上來(lai)說(shuo)，瓜(gua)(gua)類有(you)瓜(gua)(gua)仁(ren)和(he)瓜(gua)(gua)瓢，口(kou)(kou)感(gan)清脆爽口(kou)(kou)，生吃熟(shu)食皆可；番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)沒有(you)瓜(gua)(gua)仁(ren)，而(er)且淀粉含量高，若生吃沒經(jing)過高溫,不(bu)易(yi)消化,容易(yi)產生腹脹(zhang),嗝氣等不(bu)適。另一(yi)方面，中國各(ge)地(di)(di)(di)方言(yan)多(duo)稱(cheng)(cheng)“番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)”，沒有(you)“地(di)(di)(di)瓜(gua)(gua)”一(yi)詞(ci)，日(ri)本和(he)韓國等多(duo)個國家也(ye)都統稱(cheng)(cheng)番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)。那甘薯(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)嗎？甘薯(shu)(shu)(shu)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)別(bie)稱(cheng)(cheng)，番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)身為植物分類學中的(de)(de)“番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)族番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)屬(shu)”的(de)(de)“族長”，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)希望被以學名“番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)”稱(cheng)(cheng)之的(de)(de)。而(er)紅(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)、紫(zi)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)紅(hong)(hong)番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)紫(zi)番(fan)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)簡稱(cheng)(cheng)，紅(hong)(hong)、紫(zi)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)果皮顏色不(bu)同以示(shi)區別(bie)而(er)已。

在(zai)福建和江西等地，番(fan)(fan)薯因為憨(han)厚大(da)個的(de)(de)(de)體態，老一輩還稱(cheng)其為懵番(fan)(fan)薯，伴(ban)隨動漫文化的(de)(de)(de)熱潮和賣萌搞(gao)怪元(yuan)素的(de)(de)(de)流行，現在(zai)大(da)都改稱(cheng)萌番(fan)(fan)薯。番(fan)(fan)薯因與臺灣島形狀(zhuang)相似，臺灣人都有稱(cheng)自(zi)己為番(fan)(fan)薯仔(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)習慣，并以(yi)自(zi)稱(cheng)“番(fan)(fan)薯仔(zi)(zi)”為榮呢！

番(fan)(fan)薯高產，紅軍(jun)當年打游擊時物資匱(kui)乏，饑(ji)一(yi)頓飽一(yi)頓。后來從(cong)山區農(nong)民(min)那得知種番(fan)(fan)薯可有效(xiao)應對饑(ji)餓，便和山區農(nong)民(min)朋友(you)一(yi)起房前屋后種些番(fan)(fan)薯，軍(jun)民(min)們還有口號“土藏萌番(fan)(fan)薯，吃飽不辛苦”。