1.苗床的準備

選擇(ze)地勢略高，排水良好的(de)地方(fang)，用磚或石(shi)塊(kuai)砌成高25-35厘(li)(li)米、寬100厘(li)(li)米、長度2.5-3.0米的(de)沙(sha)床(chuang)，也(ye)可(ke)用規(gui)格為(wei)(wei)50厘(li)(li)米x32.5厘(li)(li)米x14.0厘(li)(li)米的(de)塑料播(bo)(bo)種箱。箱內(nei)填人12厘(li)(li)米的(de)細沙(sha)。將苗(miao)床(chuang)所填入的(de)沙(sha)整平(ping)(ping)，待播(bo)(bo)種用。沙(sha)床(chuang)通透(tou)性好，蔭(yin)棚則可(ke)減少太陽光(guang)直射，并(bing)使苗(miao)床(chuang)溫濕(shi)度較為(wei)(wei)恒定，為(wei)(wei)種子(zi)萌(meng)發出(chu)苗(miao)提供適(shi)宜(yi)的(de)條件。在(zai)同一播(bo)(bo)期，土床(chuang)平(ping)(ping)均出(chu)苗(miao)率僅17.6%,，而沙(sha)床(chuang)平(ping)(ping)均出(chu)苗(miao)率60.7%,，沙(sha)床(chuang)萌(meng)棚平(ping)(ping)均出(chu)苗(miao)率86.7%。故生(sheng)產上宜(yi)采用沙(sha)床(chuang)蔭(yin)棚育苗(miao)。

2.種子處理

將(jiang)充分(fen)熟透(tou)軟化的小果番(fan)石(shi)(shi)榴搗爛，放于(yu)水(shui)中淘洗(xi)，除去果肉(rou)，洗(xi)凈種(zhong)(zhong)子，置(zhi)于(yu)蔭(yin)涼(liang)地(di)方晾干表(biao)皮水(shui)分(fen)，以播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)不(bu)(bu)沾(zhan)手為(wei)佳。同(tong)時(shi)應注(zhu)意(yi)不(bu)(bu)能將(jiang)種(zhong)(zhong)子置(zhi)于(yu)陽光下曝曬(shai)，以免影響(xiang)種(zhong)(zhong)子發芽(ya)率。種(zhong)(zhong)子一般以鮮播(bo)為(wei)好。番(fan)石(shi)(shi)榴種(zhong)(zhong)子外(wai)殼堅硬(ying)，不(bu)(bu)易吸水(shui)，故播(bo)前(qian)浸(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)催芽(ya)時(shi)間較長，若采(cai)用催芽(ya)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)，要待(dai)其種(zhong)(zhong)胚外(wai)露時(shi)才可取出播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)。這樣發芽(ya)整齊且發芽(ya)率高。

3.播種

將洗凈晾干(gan)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)均勻(yun)地(di)撒入播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱(xiang)或(huo)用石塊與磚頭砌成的平整(zheng)的苗(miao)(miao)床(chuang)(chuang)上。苗(miao)(miao)床(chuang)(chuang)育(yu)苗(miao)(miao)每方(fang)米播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)500-600粒，播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱(xiang)育(yu)苗(miao)(miao)每箱(xiang)200-250粒，當種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)播(bo)完后，用竹(zhu)篩篩細沙覆蓋種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)表面的覆蓋土一(yi)般以(yi)0.3-0.5厘米厚為(wei)佳。播(bo)完種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后苗(miao)(miao)床(chuang)(chuang)要搭設(she)蔭棚(peng)，其高度(du)距離苗(miao)(miao)床(chuang)(chuang)表面100厘米，若用播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱(xiang)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也應將播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱(xiang)整(zheng)齊(qi)排列，上面搭設(she)蔭棚(peng)。同時需(xu)經常淋(lin)水(shui)，苗(miao)(miao)床(chuang)(chuang)濕度(du)保(bao)持在75%-80%,，過干(gan)過濕對種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)發(fa)芽均有影響，用噴霧器或(huo)噴水(shui)壺(hu)淋(lin)水(shui)最佳。播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后2-3周即可出(chu)苗(miao)(miao)。

4.幼苗管理

出苗(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)床濕度(du)(du)要保持(chi)在(zai)70%左右(you)，濕度(du)(du)過高(gao)易(yi)引起莖腐(fu)和根(gen)腐(fu)病，造成(cheng)大量的死(si)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)現象。如(ru)出苗(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou)遇(yu)多雨天氣且出現上(shang)述(shu)病害時，要及時加以防治(zhi)，可用(yong)波爾(er)多液(ye)（用(yong)3份(fen)石灰(hui)1份(fen)硫酸銅）噴灑，能有效地(di)防止病害蔓延，達(da)到防治(zhi)目的。另外，為了使幼苗(miao)(miao)(miao)健壯，每月可施(shi)一次(ci)淡人糞尿或0.2%的氮肥溶液(ye)。

5.幼苗移栽

當幼苗出土(tu)3個月(yue)，苗高5厘米(mi)(mi)，有3-4對葉片時(shi)，即可(ke)移栽(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)營(ying)養袋(dai)。營(ying)養袋(dai)規格一(yi)般(ban)為10厘米(mi)(mi)15厘米(mi)(mi)或更大(da)一(yi)些，營(ying)養土(tu)可(ke)用一(yi)份有機肥（用豬牛糞或土(tu)雜肥）與.份泥土(tu)混合(he)而成(cheng)(cheng)，待混合(he)均勻后(hou)方可(ke)裝袋(dai)。再(zai)將裝有營(ying)養土(tu)的塑料袋(dai)整齊排列在事先耙平(ping)的地上，一(yi)般(ban)排成(cheng)(cheng)寬1米(mi)(mi)，長3米(mi)(mi)的苗床。然后(hou)將番石榴苗移栽(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)袋(dai)內，因苗小，無論起苗或栽(zai)(zai)(zai)苗必須精細，隨起隨栽(zai)(zai)(zai)。移栽(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)間以(yi)每天(tian)下午4-6時(shi)最好，栽(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)要注意及時(shi)淋(lin)定根水。以(yi)3-4天(tian)淋(lin)一(yi)次，再(zai)往后(hou)可(ke)視(shi)情況而淋(lin)。

以(yi)上就(jiu)是小編帶(dai)(dai)給您(nin)的(de)關于芭樂的(de)育苗栽培技術的(de)介紹，希望今天帶(dai)(dai)給您(nin)的(de)小知(zhi)識能夠對您(nin)有所幫助(zhu)哦。